A practical guide to information systems - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine about the A viable manual for data frameworks. Answer: Presentation Data framework and computerized techniques can assume a significant job in various degrees of business activities. The data framework methodologies alludes to various techniques which can react to the business condition changes by giving data to various exercises and guaranteeing that there is data framework for all the exercises of the association (Arvidsson, Holmstrm Lyytinen, 2014). The effective execution of data framework can expand the upper hand of the firm, improve effectiveness, decline botch and lessen pointless expense to the association. In the current period, with consistent changes in the inside and the outside business condition, business may discover troubles in adjusting the business and data framework methodologies. The current report analyzes the item, administrations, and the data framework foundation of the Coles. It proposes system to adjust its Information Technology framework with its business methodology. Coles is the second biggest store in Australia. The or ganization has embraced advancements to expand its efficiencies in activities. ID and Discussion of Companys Structure, Products and Services Coles, one of the biggest Australian open retail association works from its administrative center at Melbourne. The organization was gained by Wesfarmers in 2007, and it is the second biggest store of Australia. The organization sells retail items to the clients at a low or rebate cost. As the organization sells the items requiring little to no effort, its essential capacities are related with the refrigeration, lighting, and the outflow control. The organization has been fruitful in controlling the discharge by embracing a scope of vitality sparing activities. At present, from the previous not many years, the benefits of the association are not according to the desires. Thus, the organization is taking a few in vital activities to build its upper hand. Coles association was established in 2007 when the retail locations were procured by the Coles GRop. It gives new vegetables, food, general merchandize, alcohol, fuel, and money related administrations. The organization serves 21 million clients with the assistance of its online stage and chain of retail locations. It has a group of 102,000 representatives and has in excess of 2400 retail locations spread all through Australia and New Zealand. Coles is national grocery store specialist co-op, which has 780 markets spread over the globe. Coles has a rich history in Australia and expects to give various individuals of Australia solid items and present a shop where they can trust, convey high caliber and high worth items and administrations to the clients. In the ongoing occasions, it has opened an online market store where the clients can sign in at some random time and request food and staple things, which they require. The food and conveyance orders are conveyed by the online drivers to the chose areas. Coles was obtained by Wesfarmers in 2007 and under the authority, the organization changed its IT foundation and embraced new innovation. The organization has purchased a few innovation changes in its activities. The association has executed specialized changes by actualizing distributed computing innovation in the association. There are a few reserve funds in the utilization of outer cloud condition for test and preparing exercises. Large information can convey business efficiencies and increment client commitment inside the association. The organization is utilizing huge information to pick up shopper understanding from the unstructured information. The association has put resources into expanding the revealing abilities with the goal that the head supervisors can take quality choices. The local senior supervisors and pioneers will have drillable reports, dashboards, and iPads through which they can get to various kinds of data. The innovation can be utilized in nimble innovation to organize the work inside a gathering of partners so as well as can be expected be given inside a restricted degree and course of events, which can give best results (Reich, Benbasat, 2013). The IT framework can bring about ongoing network, which can expand the proficiency and speed of the dynamic procedure. Ongoing network is likewise fundamental in expanding the portability of the items inside the association. The organization has additionally actualized a corporate BYOD program in which the representatives need to carry their own gadget to the association. The organization has effectively kept up a large number of gadget inside the system and keeps up the security of the gadget (Cameron, 2014). Data Systems Strategy and Need of such Strategy in the general Organization procedure As of late, data frameworks are concentrating on the idea of planning. It is considered as a piece of dynamic and iterative procedure. Planning is the way toward comprehending information acquired through both formal and casual framework. The idea of data framework procedure or advanced business methodology mirrors a combination between IT framework and business system. The Information System procedure can reshape the plans of action and change the client cooperations and encounters. The IT framework has the ability to change the business activities and the gracefully chain in the Coles. Today, the greater part of the organizations have a critical portion of computerized in the promoting and the flexibly chain procedure (Peppard, Galliers Thorogood, 2014). In the current occasions, data framework has a significant job in building up the serious procedure of the organizations (Chen, Mocker, Preston Teubner, 2010). The Coles can utilize data frameworks to distinguish new item necessity or require and build up a specialty market or it can profoundly change the business forms. The Coles can utilize the tasks to grow their residential and personal business activities. Data frameworks can be utilized to build up relations with various colleagues. Data framework is likewise a vital piece of the development system of an association. The open advancement is the procedure wherein an association can draw in and team up with its accomplices in the development procedure. A few driving organizations, for example, Google and Microsoft are utilizing data framework procedure to cultivate advancement inside the association. Data framework help in collective choice creation process as all the partners are associated through a typical stage (Cassidy, 2016). It is generally realized that gatherings settle on preferable choices over people and the data framework aid it. It is additionally significant in forcing cutoff times to task and urging or rousing individuals to buckle down. Amazon is another association has the best web based business plan of action. The organization has created fast item advancement and market-reaction plan of action. Amazon has been effective to wander into various business zones and handle various sorts of clients without bringing down item quality. The association learning and information the executives are additionally a significant piece of the IT procedure of an association. Without compelling and constant learning, it is hard to adjust to the market changes. Difficulties in the Implementation of Information Systems Strategy There are a few difficulties, which are should have been tended to during the execution of Information System in Coles. The data framework needs to recognize all the requirements and issues in data the executives. It is fundamental to convince the top administration, the significance of data framework. When the arrangement is created, the top administration must favor of the recommended framework. The administrators should design the framework altogether by deciding the time and the time and financial plan required by the framework. Another test is to adjust the data methodology to the business system (Galliers, Leidner, 2014). There are a few difficulties, for example, inside correspondence channels, feeble administration at the top generally level and the connection with the senior administrators, which can be ordered as administrative difficulties in the framework usage. The human asset issue is an essential test to the business associations. There is a test to connect with the workforce with the client training with the new innovation. The associations additionally think that its hard to enroll fitting staff individuals, utilize specialists who can achieve the data innovation exercises. The specialists must have the option to distinguish the ways, which can address the client needs and requests. The more seasoned workers show absence of premium and reluctance to learn new advances (Pearlson, Saunders Galletta, 2016). Aside from it, specialized difficulties are basic in the product and equipment parts of Information Technology foundation usage. There are sure media transmission issues additionally which may be seen as a boundary. In enormous organizations, the relocation from old programming to new programming or overhauling the past ones is additionally an issue. Data System Failures and Recommendations Presently, countless organizations neglect to execute an effective Information System. The significant explanation of the disappointment is that the association surpasses its spending plan or time window. Hence, so as to direct an effective usage, the association ought to comprehend the idea of the vital change required, which can be related to the assistance of accomplishment or disappointment model. The disappointment of the framework is set apart by the steady dissatisfaction of the clients with the framework. The client obstruction likewise impedes the acknowledgment of the framework by the expected clients (Jarzabkowski Paul Spee, 2009). There is plausibility that the clients may continually assault the framework checking it as unusable or insufficient with the end goal of the framework. Coles can follow following methodologies to adjust its data framework systems with the objectives of the association. The insufficient managem

Database Security Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Database Security - Research Paper Example The DBMSs give an interface that that empowers clients to associate with the database itself, different applications for catching and breaking down information (Oppel, 2004). Database security is worried about angles planned for ensuring the substance of the database, clients and proprietors. The security ranges from framework insurance against programming and equipment breakdown to purposeful and unapproved utilization of the database and accidental access by elements not approved. Databases might be presented to dangers as loss of respectability, secrecy, validness and accessibility. Most huge databases face security moves identified with survivability, licensed innovation rights and information quality. As per a report by the American firm Verizon, databases are at the center of any association as they store classified information and client records, yet they are the most penetrated business resources (Kroenke and Auer, 2007). Information must be accessible at each essential time, and it should just be accessible to fittingly approved clients (Elmasri and Navathe, 2010). It is additionally of basic significance to follow clients who get to information and the information they get to. Information realness guarantees that information is altered by approved sources and affirms that clients getting to it are really who they guarantee to be. Realness additionally confirms that outbound information is being conveyed to the normal beneficiary. Through information trustworthiness, outside information is checked as having the right arrangement and the fundamental metadata. Information trustworthiness is likewise worried about the precision and undeniable nature of information just as guaranteeing that information adheres to the right principles of work process for the association (Kroenke and Auer, 2007). All progressions to information and their creators must be accounted for as a consistence prerequisite for info rmation trustworthiness. Through information privacy, it is guaranteed that solitary effectively approved clients approach classified information. This guarantees the whole database is

The 5 Ds That Help With Smoking Cessation

The 5 Ds That Help With Smoking Cessation Addiction Nicotine Use How to Quit Smoking Print The 5 Ds for Smoking Cessation These Tips Will Help You Manage Most Cravings to Smoke By Terry Martin facebook twitter Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 years and is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Learn about our editorial policy Terry Martin Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Sanja Jelic, MD on January 20, 2020 Sanja Jelic, MD, is board-certified in sleep medicine, critical care medicine, pulmonary disease, and internal medicine.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Sanja Jelic, MD on January 20, 2020 Guido Mieth / Taxi / Getty Images More in Addiction Nicotine Use How to Quit Smoking After You Quit Nicotine Withdrawal Smoking-Related Diseases The Inside of Cigarettes Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery Nicotine withdrawal is an intense phase of smoking cessation. It can include everything from physical symptoms that mimic illness to feelings of sadness and seemingly nonstop thoughts of smoking. Understanding what to expect when you quit smoking and having a plan to manage the discomforts that come with early smoking cessation keep you in control and headed for long-term success. The Five Ds of Smoking Cessation The five Ds is a set of tools that will help you quickly respond to the majority of smoking urges youll encounter in a healthy way. Memorize them and get in the habit of checking to see whether your cravings that come along fit into any of them. The five Ds are: DelayDistractDrink waterDeep breathingDiscuss 1. Delay Delay until the craving to smoke passes. Cravings are difficult, but they usually pass fairly quickly. Most urges to smoke come and go within three to five minutes. It may feel like your day is one long craving when you first quit, but the truth is that smoking urges really are relatively short in duration. They come often during the first several days after you stop smoking, but with practice at choosing other ways to deal with them rather than smoking, theyll begin to fade. 2. Distract Distract yourself. Shift your attention away from thoughts of smokingâ€"go for a walk around the block or work on a crossword puzzle. Distraction effectively stops the unhealthy mindset that enables thoughts of smoking. Left unchecked, those thoughts can cause you to spiral downward, so try to stay busy. 101 Things to Do Instead of Smoking 3. Drink Water Drink water to beat cravings to smoke. It works surprisingly well. Nicotine withdrawal is hard on your body, and good hydration will help to ease the negative  effects. Youll feel better both physically and mentally. 4. Deep Breathing Deep breathing is a quick and effective way to reduce the stress that comes with early smoking cessation. Close your eyes and breathe in slowly for a count of three, then exhale for a count of three. Repeat and youll begin to feel your body release the tension its holding. Stress is a bit of a double-edged sword for new ex-smokers. We used cigarettes to deal with the stress in our lives, so when we quit, stress causes strong urges to smoke for most of us. At the same time, the early days of quitting  create their own stress as well. Learning how to manage stress on the spot is critical, and deep breathing does just that. 5. Discuss Discuss your feelings with someone close to you or with other ex-smokers in an online smoking cessation support forum. Theres nothing better for your resolve than connecting with those who are walking the path alongside you or hearing from those who have navigated smoking cessation successfully. Knowing What to Expect Helps Success When you know what to expect from nicotine withdrawal and recovery from nicotine addiction in general, you can develop a plan of attack to tide you over when the going gets tough. The five Ds should be a part of that plan. Take your quit program  one day at a time and trust that youll find your way through recovery from nicotine addiction, just as others have before you.

What Situations Do You Believe Intervention Should Be...

7. In what situations do you believe intervention should be mandated? Voluntary? This student believes that intervention should be mandated if the conflict or situation at hand rises to a level which could lead to physical and sometimes irreparable harm of one of the involved parties. A mandated intervention in this situation can be used to redirect negative communication and negative goals in an effort to restore a level of positive conflict resolution. In this student’s opinion an Organizational Intervention should be mandatory if company is bought out or merges with another organization. This student believes so because this type of situation brings about a high degree of stress and creates uncertainty for the future. If there is a layoff as a result of a merger then an Organizational Intervention will help to reassure the remaining employees that the company will continue move forward and thrive. In essence the intervention provides the hope that the team so desperately need. If an organization mandates intervention during this situation then it wi ll benefit from the results of satisfied employees during a time when the company could be vulnerable. Organizational Development Interventions (n.d.) states that Organizational Interventions can help to build a team due to one of the following situations Organizational Interventions Situation Type of Organizational Intervention †¢ A merger †¢ An organizational restructure †¢ A new team or project team †¢ NewShow MoreRelatedEssay on Great depression1599 Words   |  7 Pagescompetition with domestic businesses, and a solution that helped both domestic and foreign economies grow mutually was not necessary. *The lack of individual and voluntary response to the depression, especially response from industry leaders, was the issue, and policies regarding â€Å"CEO philanthropy† should be encouraged in lieu of federal intervention. *Lack of employment was due to a lack of public projects and improvements which needed to be slowly and cautiously funded and regulated. Weak agricultureRead MoreThe Code Of Ethics Of The National Association Of Social Workers Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pages1. 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What is a Kinetochore

The place where two chromosomes  (each known as a chromatid  before the cell splits) are joined before they split into two is called the centromere. A kinetochore is the patch of protein found on the centromere of each chromatid. It is where the chromatids are tightly connected. When its time, at the appropriate phase of cell division, the kinetochores ultimate goal is move chromosomes during  mitosis  and  meiosis. You can think of a kinetochore as  the knot or central point in a game of tug-of-war. Each tugging side is a chromatid getting ready to break away and become part of a new cell. Moving Chromosomes The word kinetochore tells you what it does. The prefix kineto- means move, and the suffix -chore also means move or spread. Each chromosome has two kinetochores. Microtubules that bind a chromosome are called  kinetochore microtubules. Kinetochore fibers extend from the kinetochore region and attach chromosomes to microtubule spindle polar fibers. These fibers work together to separate chromosomes during cell division.   Location and Checks and Balances Kinetochores form in the central region, or centromere, of a duplicated chromosome. A kinetochore consists of an inner region and an outer region. The inner region is bound to chromosomal DNA. The outer region connects to  spindle fibers.   Kinetochores also play an important role in the cells spindle assembly checkpoint. During the cell cycle, checks are made at certain stages of the cycle in order to ensure that proper cell division takes place. One of the checks involves making sure that the spindle fibers are correctly attached to chromosomes at their kinetochores.  The two kinetochores of each chromosome should be attached to microtubules from opposite spindle poles. If not, the dividing cell could end up with an incorrect number of chromosomes. When errors are detected, the cell cycle process is halted until corrections are made. If these errors or mutations cannot be corrected, the cell will self-destruct in a process called apoptosis. Mitosis In cell division, there are several phases that involve the cells structures working together to ensure a good split. In the  metaphase of mitosis, kinetochores and spindle fibers help to position chromosomes along the central region of the cell called the metaphase plate. During anaphase, polar fibers push cell poles further apart and kinetochore fibers shorten in length, much like the childrens toy, a Chinese finger trap.  Kinetochores tightly grip polar fibers as they are pulled toward the cell poles. Then, the kinetochore proteins that are holding the sister chromatids together are broken down allowing them to separate. In the Chinese finger trap analogy, it would be as if someone took a scissor and cut the trap at the center releasing both sides. As a result, in cellular biology, sister chromatids are pulled toward opposite cell poles. At the end of mitosis, two daughter cells are formed with the full complement of chromosomes. Meiosis In meiosis, a cell goes through the dividing process two times. In​ part one of the process,  meiosis I, kinetochores are selectively attached to polar fibers extending from only one cell pole. This results in the separation of homologous chromosomes  (chromosome pairs), but not sister chromatids during meiosis I. In the next part of the process,  meiosis II, kinetochores are attached to polar fibers extending from both cell poles. At the end of meiosis II, sister chromatids are separated and chromosomes are distributed among four daughter cells.

Management Future Water Management Free Essays

Corporate water management: Risk for corporations – Opportunity for consultancy services Student Number: 440008 University of Portsmouth word count: 2646 (excluded figures, table of contents, references and executive summary) â€Å"This is to verify that this is my own work and that it has not been used in part in the assessment of other units in my degree† *********************** Executive summary: Water scarcity will be a vital resource for business in the future. In a report in 2008, it is indicated that water imports to UK accounted for 62% virtual water consumption [ (Chapagain amp; Stuart, 2008) ]. It is predicted that the usage of water in agriculture will rise 30% in 2025 [ (Black, 2010) ] and water availability per capita has reduced by 5 times compare to statistic in 1950 [ (UNDP) ]. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Future: Water Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now In correlation with the decrease in water supply, there has been significant increase in social concerns and customer attitudes toward environmental problems [ (Top of Mind Survey, 2010) ]. The water impacts on individuals, corporations, and communities have been realized and increasingly concern about over the same period. Water footprints, water supply-managements are identifiable practices which are introduced for public and private sectors [ (WWF, 2009; IBM, 2008) ]. However, despite the impacts of water issues, the business responses to the problems have been considerably weak [ (Barton, 2010) ]. At the same time, consultancy market has been indicated as a potential field of investment (Appendix 4). Triangulation of trends data suggests a potential market for consultancy service of water management. The article highlighted the business opportunities and profitability that it could bring which include: better knowledge of water supply chain to reduce environmental impact which is an essential value for business, understanding of water footprints practices hence improving CSR. It also proposed the main competitive advantages as low capital requirements and uniqueness of the services. However, it is predicted to have a reducing market share for the future. Low barrier of entries and the shortage in human-resource might be the main ressures. In order to examine this business opportunities, different sets of strategic and market analytical frameworks have been exercised aligning with discussion throughout the article. Contents 1 – Introduction:4 2 – Methodology4 3 – Trends data related to Water management5 3. 1 – Water – a scarce resource5 3. 2 – Escalating concern for social responsibility7 4 – Connections between trends8 5 – F uture prediction8 5. 1 – Water scarcity – a worsening trend8 5. 2 – Demand for CSR trend10 6 – Opportunity evaluation and justification 11 – Conclusion12 References13 Appendices16 Appendix 1: Water stress map and Population density16 Appendix 2: Water and Water footprint17 Appendix 3: Opinion survey on climate changes (ONS, 2010)18 Appendix 4: Business Opportunity analysis20 1 – Introduction: Companies have been focused on â€Å"green washing† their images with environmental activities concern with fossil fuels, emission, carbon footprints, etc. But another major subject has been long omitted in this area however is water and water usage throughout the supply chain of the business. It is critical to understand that consumptions of goods and services play tremendous role in water preservation on a global scale [ (Ercin, Aldaya, amp; Hoekstra, 2009) ]. For the equality and sustainability in the future growth, better knowledge and insights to water management are required for businesses in order to achieve its CSR goals. Environmental consultancy services and business advisories, with timely response can play a proactive part in encouraging, promoting, and providing water management services for businesses in the near future. The service will focus on aligning economic growth of sustainability with water preservation and other related-environmental problems in the business. The consultancy can also provide traceability service and educate traceability managers [ (Wylie, 2010) ] who can examines global supply chain through imports, exports, setting water standards, water footprint reporting, etc. The potential customers are massively wide-ranged from private companies to multinational companies as well as government and non-government agencies. Justification of business opportunity will be carried out in the last section along with the conclusion. The next section will briefly describe the research methodology of the study and key trends related. 2 – Methodology For this project, secondary data is used as the main source. Chris defined secondary sources as data which has been collected previously and reported by other people (2005). The secondary data are fact and figures from different environmental electronic source including United Nation (UN) website, Water Footprint Network (WFN) website and Office of National Statistic (ONS) website. Data about water footprint, CSR is from professional reports, and journal articles. Statistical and qualitative data gathered is the vital foundation to discussions of the business and triangulation of trends and figures. In fact, the major advantage of secondary data is its readiness for collection, extensive amount of empirical research are available in qualitative and quantitative forms from various sources. Secondary data are decoded and explained so that they are understandable and easy to read [ (Saunders, Lewis, amp; Thornhill, 2009, pp. 195 – 200) ]. Secondly, it is inexpensive with information which cannot be easily obtained individually. However, limitations of secondary data are also considered. Secondary data are collected and analyzed for different purposes and therefore general and irrelevant to the topic of the project. Furthermore, data used in the research are collected variably thus its quality and reliability must be questioned [ (Francis amp; Wesley, 1963) ]. Primary data collection could be useful but will be costly and time-consuming for the project [ (Chris, 2005, p. 107) ]. Appendices provided statistics related to water footprint, opinion survey about climate change and other water-related data. Some of the figures and table will be irectly put into the content of the article for better explanation to viewer. There are a lot of strategic and marketing analytical frameworks have been used which are PESTEL analysis, Porter’s five forces, Longenecker’s opportunity recognition criteria (Appendix 4). 3 – Trends data related to Water management There are two main trends which are connect ed and interrelated to the business opportunity. There are also sub-trends discussed within each of the category to further analysis. 3. 1 – Water – a scarce resource â€Å"The Earth cannot withstand a systematic increase of material things. If we grow by using more stuff, I’m afraid we’d better start looking for a new planet. † (Spoken by Robert Shapiro) a) Water shortage Nowadays, problems with water have been a rising controversy for humanity. World usages of water have been quadrupled to 4000 km3 per years while population has growth 3 times in 60 years (figure 1). Major contribution for the increase is agriculture and a growing figure on industry and municipal water use. Figure 1: Estimated Annual water use of the world [ (Kirby, 2004) ] According to UN estimates, more than half of the world’s population now lives in cities [ (BBC News, 2008) ]. Population density map (Appendix 1) of UK shows an inextricable link of urban areas with water stress map (Appendix 2. 4). World supply of portable water declines, the density of population in urbanized area increases the inefficiency of water supplies and continuingly enlarges water problems [ (Cetron ;amp; Davis, 2008) ]. Human activities include industry, domestic use, etc which could affect the water supply as well as other trends such as globalization and industrialization. [ (International Year of Fresh Water 2003) ] b) Water management – UK Case The amount of water used to produce food and goods imported by developed countries such as UK is worsening water shortages in the developing world† (Black, 2010) In the case of UK, import goods from other countries are contributing to the water shortage in other nations. According to Chapagain ;amp; Stuart (2008), 62% of the total water in the UK is accounted for by water from other countries, while 38% is used from domest ic water resources (Appendix 2. 1) Previous data shows that water consumed by UK residents are averagely 152 litres per days from 1995 to 2008(Appendix 2. ). Nevertheless, the amount of water indirectly embedded in consumption are massively larger. Embedded water in 1kg of beef are 15000 litres while 1 chunk of cheese are 2500 litres; hence with this calculation UK consumers only see 3% of water usages they are accountable for (Black, 2010). From 1995 to 2001, 70% of water source are from import goods while 30% water of UK usage are self-generated (Appendix 2. 2). With the increasing trend of usage of importing water, water exhaustion will occur for the rest of the world. 3. 2 – Escalating concern for social responsibility ) Demand for social responsibility from customers and society. Consumers and society are growingly concern about climate and environmental issues. In an opinion survey of ONS, the number of UK residents who are worried about climate changes and environment is over 80% constantly from 2006 to 2009, 30% of people seriously concern about environmental problems (Appendix 3. 3). Nevertheless, the percentage believes environmental impacts to be top three priorities declined from 2007 to 2009 of 9% (Appendix 3. 1). This may due to a recession which introduced major economic problems during the period thus shifted society’s attention. On the other hand, 82% of respondents are ready to change their behaviour to reduce climate change’s consequences (Appendix 3. 3). b) Water CSR: responses for Business sustainability For businesses, CSR has been ranked 3rd in 2009 and 2nd in 2010 as concerning issues for consumer goods industry [ (Top of Mind Survey, 2010) ]. Friedman (2007) also identified in his article a strong link between good CSR and profitability of the firm. However, disclosures of corporate water performance from different sectors are surprisingly weak. From a benchmarking study of 100 companies [ (Barton, 2010) ] which examine water performance disclosure quality with a score range from 0 to 100 points, there is no company surpasses 43 points and the average highest score are achieved in mining sector with only 28 points (figure 2). Figure 2: Average score by sector of water disclosure quality from 100 companies [ (Barton, 2010) ] 4 – Connections between trends Water shortage and water-related stresses put corporations into potential problems. Recent reports of WWF and WFN (Or, Cartwight, ;amp; Tickner, 2008; Hoekstra A. Y. 2008) has identified four type of risk related to water issues that business could possibly face: * Physical risk: The shortage of water in the future will be a major problem for businesses. * Reputational risk: Disclosure, quality of disclosre, and other water CSR issues may be questioned by public thus damaging company’s image. * Regulatory risk: As water shortage is a global trend, government wi ll introduce more strict policies and regulations on water resources. * Financial risk: The consequences of the above will be increase in cost/decrease in revenue. (Or, Cartwight, ;amp; Tickner, 2008) For CSR of water, Gerben – Leenes ;amp; Hoekstra, (2008) presented the â€Å"business water footprint† as total fresh water used directly and indirectly in a production process of a business. It categorized as 2 major type: operational water footprints which are water used directly in the operation and supply chain water footprint which are used indirectly. Barton, (2010) implies that reduction of water footprint should be part of business environment approach along with other methods like carbon footprints. International trade and business activities has a close link with local water depletion and pollution [ (Hoekstra ;amp; Chapagain, 2008, p. 8) ]. 5 – Future prediction 5. 1 – Water scarcity – a worsening trend â€Å"Forecasts suggest that when the world’s population soars beyond 8bn in 20 years time, the global demand for food and energy will jump by 50%, with the need for fresh water rising by 30%. † [ (Black, 2010) ] Human activi ties especially agriculture will incessantly put pressures on water supply (figure 3). Climate change and population growth will burden agriculture to produce more which increase the demand for water while industry consumption of water will reduce as technology increases. Figure 3: projection of water usage in agriculture, industry and municipal Water availability is projected to keep a decrease for the future (Figure 3). Figure 3: Water availability per capita (UNDP) For a more depressing view, several projections illustrated that approximately 48 to 60 countries will face water scarcity by 2050 with at least 2 billion people in danger [ (UN-Water, 2010) ]. If the problem with water becomes critical globally, the UK development will also be influenced. Water imported to UK are majorly for agriculture products (Appendix 2. 2). The main source of water (virtual water ) in UK comes from imported goods and foods. 5. 2 – Demand for CSR trend Government in response to energy and environmental issues will impose strict regulations on corporate, industries will have more pressures for social responsibilities. Water responsibility should have a much wider-range of measurement and business should embrace a wider set of values to sustain economic growth in the future and prevent incoming water crisis. * Sustainability in future? Figure 4: risk over time associated with corporate water-related interventions. (WWF, 2009) ] In the time of government intervention and corporate responses to water-related issues and other mega-trends (Demographic shift, economic growth, and climate change), risks of water will decrease to a level that meet intervention level (figure 4). In fact, a sustainability future can be achieved with responsibilities shared for everyone [ (HMGovernment, 2005) ]. 6 – Opportunity evaluat ion and justification The growing concern of water scarcity and public interest in social responsibility are two main trends which will impose pressures to both policies makers and businesses. Pioneers with awareness to areas where water issues are most serious can express actual developments; and turn this to competitive advantage [ (Pegram, Or, amp; Williams, 2009) ]. However, in order to make clear alignment between policies, water-based knowledge and corporate interests (shareholder values, profitability, CSR), there will be a gap for corporate water management developed whilst will encourage consultancy services. Water management consultancy service will have two main focuses: * Water footprints accounting practices for corporations Supply-chain water management The former will enhance business practices of CSR, assisting in building a green image for company and control, review efficiently and effectively the water supply-chain while the latter will analysis, evaluate and give advices to where business could improve its water supply chain. Both will be Unique Selling Points in consultant industry which other competitors do not have (auditors, financial advisors, etc) . The uniqueness of the service and excellent quality will be main differentiations to competitors. There are insufficient data about market share and demand for consultant services presently; a primary data research would be useful but the scope of this project does not allow. Nevertheless, the market demand are predicted to dramatically increase with the concerns about water-scarcity and social responsibility demand [ (Or, Cartwight, amp; Tickner, 2008) ]. Particularly, UK will require a wide range of knowledge about water supply-chain management. It is indicated via Porter’s five forces than 5 threats to this industry is considerably low (Appendix 4. 2) which can be explained by its service-nature and knowledge-based gaps. Nevertheless, in the long-term, demand for consultancy services could be decreased. Government regulations and business awareness increase [ (Barton, 2010) ] which may reduce water risks thus the need for consultant services will reduce. This will lead to the problem of sustainable profitability and development in the long-term of the business. Furthermore, reputation development will be crucial for consultant service to ensure quality, reliability and effectiveness of the service provided. This is a long-term process which requires a lot of marketing and Ramp;D funding. Another factor needs to be considered is financial side of the business. With small capital investment requirement, the investment in business is predicted to be low (estimation of ? 50. 000). With a small to medium-size enterprise which operates efficiently, business could have a payback time of 2 to 3 years and IRR rate amount to 10% cost of capital. However, what is critical is knowledge-based values (intangible assets), with the little people who can have water knowledge and corporate business knowledge about CSR and other consultancy areas combined. Training and Learning may be a problem for mid-long term development that business could possibly face. Last but not least, potentially large number of competitors could appear in the future. Demand for this knowledge gap of water will be filled with concerns about water crisis. IBM has run its program about water name â€Å"smarter water management† to explore approaches to water management [ (IBM, 2008) ]. Master (Msc) course for water management has been introduced as part of education scheme for Unesco-IHI: Institute of water education [ (UNESCO, 2009) ]. However this education development could as well turn into advantages when more water-managers are available to reduce bargaining power of suppliers. 7 – Conclusion In conclusion, with the water shortage as a predicted trend for humanity in the future and the demand for social responsibilities comes from society in which customers are the direct pressure. It is noticeable for firms and companies to have appropriate response to the problem in a global scale. Therefore, with the demand for water-management knowledge in the future, this would suggest that there is an unexplored field of water-consultant services for consultant industry. The uniqueness of the services provided by corporate water management package will be the main competitive advantage for the companies as clients’ growingly concern for CSR. Low capital investment required, critical knowledge-based resources about water-management will contribute to the business success rate. However, the reduction in demand for the service in the future and reputation requirements will be the major issues that business may have to face in the long-term development. References Barton, B. (2010). Musky water? Corporate reporting on water risk: A benchmarking study of 100 companies. Ceres. BBC News. (2008, November 5). Retrieved November 17, 2010, from Growing Slums â€Å"face water crisis†: http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7708120. stm Black, R. (2010, April 19). BBC. Retrieved April 25, 2010, from UK water use â€Å"worsening water crisis†: http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/8628832. stm Cetron, M. J. , amp; Davis, O. (2008). 55 trends shaping tomorrow’s world: Forcasts and implications for Business, Government and Consumers. Maryland: World future society. Chapagain, A. , ;amp; Stuart, O. 2008). UK water footprint: the impact of the UK’s food and fibre consumption on global water resources. WWF. Surrey: WWF. Chris, H. (2005). Doing your Master Dissertation. London: Sage Publications. Ercin, A. E. , Aldaya, M. M. , amp; Hoekstra, A. Y. (2009). A pilot in corporate water footprint accounting and impact assessment: The water footprint of a sugar-containing carb onated beverage. Delft: UNESCO-IHE: Institution for water education. Francis, R. J. , amp; Wesley, B. C. (1963). Research Methodology in Business (1st ed. ). New York: Harper y Brothers. Friedman, M. (2007). The Social Responsibility of Business Is to Increase Its Profits. In Corporate Ethics and Corporate Governance (pp. 173-178). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. HMGovernment. (2005). Sercuring the future: delivering UK sustainable development policies. Norwich: TSO. Hoekstra, A. Y. (2008). Water Neutral: Reducing and Offsetting the impacts of water footprints. Delft: UNESCO – IHE: Institution for water education. Hoekstra, A. Y. , amp; Chapagain, A. K. (2008). Globalization of water: sharing the planet’s freshwater resouces. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. IBM. (2008). Smarter Water management. Retrieved January 20, 2010, from IBM: http://www. ibm. com/smarterplanet/uk/en/water_management/ideas/index. html? re=sph International Year of Fresh Water 2003. (n. d. ). Retrieved April 22, 2010, from http://www. wateryear2003. org Kirby, A. (2004, October 19). BBC news. Retrieved April 22, 2010, from Water scarcity: A looming crisis? : http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3747724. stm (2008). Living Planet Report. Gland: WWF for a living planet. Longenecker, J. , Moore, C. , Palich, L. , ;amp; Petty, J. (2005). Small business management: an entrepreneurial emphasis. (13th, Ed. ) Ohio: Thomson South-western. ONS. (2010). Public attitude towards climate change and the Impact of Transport: 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009 (January 2010 report). Office of National Statistic. Or, S. , Cartwight, A. , ;amp; Tickner, D. (2008). Understanding Water Risk – A primer on the consequenses of water scarity for government and business. WWF. Pegram, G. , Or, S. , ;amp; Williams, C. (2009). Investigating Shared Risk in Water: Corporate Engagement with Public Policy Process. WWF. Rickman, C. D. (2005). The small Business Start up workbook: A step by step guide to starting the business you have dreamed of. Oxford: How to Content. Salina, I. (Director). (2008). Flow – For the love of Water [Motion Picture]. Saunders, M. , Lewis, P. , ;amp; Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for Business Students (5th ed. ). Essex: Peason Education Limited. (2010). Top of Mind Survey. Paris: The Consumer Good Forum. UNDP. (n. d. ). United Nation Development Development. Retrieved from http://www. undp. org/ UNESCO. (2009). Education of master in water management. Retrieved April 17, 2010, from UNESCO-ihe: http://www. nesco-ihe. org/Education/MSc-Programmes/MSc-in-Water-Management UN-Water. (2010). Retrieved April 23, 2010, from http://www. unwater. org/ WWF. (2009). Water Footprinting:Identifying and Addressing Water Risks in the Value Chain. WWF. Wylie, I. (2010, January 9th). Jobs of the Future. Retrieved April 25, 2010, from The Guardian: http://www. guardian. co. uk/money/2010/jan/09/jo bs-of-the-future/print Appendices Appendix 1: Water stress map and Population density 1. 2 Population density in the UK Sources: ONS (2003) 1. 2 Water stress in regions of UK Sources: ONS (2003) Appendix 2: Water and Water footprint Consist of 3 figures: Water footprint in UK, Water footprint versus water scarcity, self-sufficiency and water import dependency. Domestic water consumption in UK 2. 1 Water footprint in UK (extracted from WFN, 2010) | Water footprint| Water footprint by consumption category| | Total| Per capita| Consumption of domestic water| Consumption of agricultural goods| Consumption of industrial goods| | | | Internal water footprint| Internal water footprint| External water footprint| Internal water footprint| External water footprint|   Measurement: m3/cap/yr | UK| 73. 07| 1245| 38| 218| 592| 114| 284| 2. 2. Water footprint versus water scarcity, self-sufficiency and water import dependency per country period 1997-2001 (Extracted from WFN, 2010) Country| Total renewable water resources| Internal water footprint| External water footprint| Total water footprint| Water scarcity| Water self-sufficiency| Water import dependency|   | 109 m3/yr| 109 m3/yr| 109 m3/yr| 109 m3/yr| %| %| %| UK| 147. 00| 21. 67| 51. 40| 73. 07| 50| 30| 70| .| | | | | | | | 2. 3. Domestic water consumption in UK (source: ONS) Appendix 3: Opinion survey on climate changes [ (ONS, 2010) ] 3. 1 Percentage considering climate change to be the most important/in top three most important issues facing Britain 3. 2 Attitude to climate change and behavior change for UK residents 3. 3 How concern you are to climate change and environmental impacts Appendix 4: Business Opportunity analysis This part will consist of 3 figures: water management future – PESTEL analysis, water management consultancy market – Porter’s five forces anaylysis, Longenecker’s opportunity evalution criteria 4. 1 Water management PESTEL analysis. Corporate water Management Future – PESTEL AnalysisPolitical * Privatization of water has been demonstrated as a threat to water supply with concerns about politics, pollution, human right to access water and the threat of monopolization of water (Salina, 2008). * Sustainability development policies has been developed since 2005 by UK government (HMGovernment, 2005) which shows concerns of government about future environmental problems * Political issues between parts of the world will indirectly affect the supply of water especially to poor people. â€Å"Water war† as a black swan but actually happened in Bolivia in 2000 (Salina, 2008)Economic * Cost of water will go up as the water supply decrease, unstable supply of water will * Import/export goods will play a major role for water management in the 21st century (Chapagain ;amp; Stuart, 2008). Water consumption of developed countries outmatched other regions which is a serious misallocation. * Specialization, outsourc ing will have major impact on water supply and quality. Agriculture, industry increasingly pose negative effects on water (International Year of Fresh Water 2003) * Businesses increasingly concerns about corporate social responsibilitySocial * Access to freshwater is a growing concern for the society. 1. 2 billion people are suffering from water shortage in 2009 (Living Planet Report, 2008) * Sanitation of water is an apprehension as diseases related to water are increasing. Changing attitude of community about climate change and water shortage in the future will * Water users does not realize the real amount of water they using hence exercise shortage of responsibilities * Drought, water-related epidemic are wild-cardsTechnological * Government spending on management and water preservation research * New method of calculating virtual water: water footprint * Water preservation practices * Innovations in water allocation, water protection methodsBreakthrough in technology, innovative discovery of water management can be a wild cardEnviron mental * Pollution of water reduce availability of water supply for humanity, chemicals from industrial activities cannot be fully absorbed by water lead to many other problems with the ecosystems * Carbon emissions, global warming: â€Å"According to UN-Water’s reports (2010) Global warming will be the cause of rising salinity level of water, sea level increases by 5 to 88 cm compared to 1990 figures. Consequently, it is revealed that 20% of water scarcity is responsible by climate change. * Water living stocks are reducing as rivers, lakes, other water sources deplete. (Living Planet Report, 2008)Legislation * The right to access fresh and clean water: Large non-government organizations (WHO, UN) set up policies and declaration that water is a fundamental source to life and health which people have the right to access regardless economic circumstances. * Control over import/export goods: Water footprint regulations on corporations to estimate virtual water| 4. 2 Water management consultancy market – Porter analysis (Content in the next page) 4. Longenecker’s opportunity evaluation criteria [ (Longenecker, Moore, Palich, ;amp; Petty, 2005) ] Market factors * The consultancy service will be based on business need to manage water-sources, it must be clear that firms start to realize the important of Water-related CSR. * Technology available (water footprints) but not w idely adopted * Knowledge gap (corporate water management, manage water supply chain) Competitive Advantage * The product or service delivered must surpass competitors in some key areas. * Unique service provider: Water management for businesses, footprint accounting. * Deliver long-term value in CSR for clients. Economics The financial feasibility of the project and the ability to grow and being profitable needs to be examined. (Rickman, 2005) ] * Possibly a very large market (apply for all corporation, organizations, and companies) * Low initial costs, setup costs, flexible. Management Capacity * Low capital requirement, small amount of management requires * Could operate as small business type. * Investigation of government policies changes, collaboration with resource-protection, environmental organizations (WFN, UN). * Marketing strategy aims for big organizations first then small and medium enterprises. Fatal Flaws * Business perception for CSR will remain limited (another sho rt-term trend) ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Corporate social responsibility [ 2 ]. Robert Shapiro, CEO of the Monsanto Corporation which is a How to cite Management Future: Water Management, Papers

Led Zeppelin Essays - Jimmy Page, Music, Led Zeppelin, John Bonham

Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin was one of the giants of the 1970s in hard rock. They were also one of the greatest success stories that ever played hard rock music. The group was one the more popular hard rock groups that performed in the seventies, and even had some hits in the 1960s. The members of the group are Jimmy Page, born on April 9, 1944, Robert Plant, born on August 24, 1948, John Paul Jones, born on January 3, 1946, and John Bonham born on May 31, 1948. Jimmy Page played guitar, Robert Plant was the vocalist, John Paul Jones played bass guitar and the keyboard, and John Bonham beat the drums. The group had the complete set up for a band right off the start. They produced their first record in thirty hours to complete their deal with the old Yardbirds. They toured Scandinavia for awhile also to complete their obligations to the Yardbirds. When they first came to the United States they supported Vanilla Fudge. They also played in clubs to start their American popularity. After they played in the clubs they got their first headlining tour and toured again that. They were playing their fifth tour by the March of 1970. Led Zeppelin the record was released by the Atlantic Records in 1969. Shortly after the record was released it was number eight and stayed in the top twenty for six weeks. When the Led Zeppelin II was released, it was Atlantic Records fastest selling album at 100,000 copies a week. They broke their own record in 1975 when Physical Graffiti that sold 500 copies an hour. All of their albums have gone platinum. They were the first group to heavily tour the United States and sporadically tour the rest of the world. This occurred because there was a lack of interest in them Britain. Their success was due to their manager Peter Grant. Peter was able to keep the group moving from place to place and kept the people interested in them. Peter thought that they would work every other year so they would stay in demand. While they were working on their first movie featuring them. This movie was of the group playing their music, which was called, The Song Remains Playing. A representative from their record company called and told Page that the sales of their new album Houses of the Holy was spectacular. The record company told Page that the group, Led Zeppelin, was the biggest selling group in the world and was making the most money at the time. After Page and Plant heard this they were having a moment of triumph because their band was making it big. During this time of popularity that the band was going through, there was a feature on them in the L.A. Times. They were making music for the adolescence age group and they were being looked up at as role models. Led Zeppelins manager Peter Grant was an amazing and brilliant person. Their road manager was also a great person for the band to have because he promoted them as much as possible. By the summer of 1975, Led Zeppelin was the most popular band in the world. They were filling football stadiums across the United States. They also filled the Earls Court, which held 20,000 people for five days in London. It was awesome an show that had an amazing light show, smoke, dry ice, and laser beams. The concerts were focused on Jimmy Page and Robert Plant because they were the main guys in the group. On stage they were opposites and compliments: Plant a golden-ringleted Adonis marvelously parodying the sexual superstar while singing in a voice of limitless power.(www.wysiwyg://14/http://www.redrival.com/getled/history.html.) Page was a dark, fragile guitarist of immense versatility and command clothed in black velvet and rippling dragons.(www.http://www.led-zeppelin.com/news.html) The Presence(1976) and the In Though the Out Door(1979) proved to be the last Led Zeppelin albums that were produced. John Bonham was found dead at the home of Jimmy Page on the 25 of September in 1980. (www.http://www.led-zeppelin.com/news.html) After this tragic loss the band announced that they could not play any longer. The album entitled Coda was an unreleased set of recordings and out takes which was released in 1982.